Children who witness domestic violence are those who are subjected to scenes of domestic violence and/or the results of this violence, either by:
- Direct observations
- Indirect observations (hearing words and behaviors without being in the room)
- Exposures to the results of violence:
- By noting the abuse suffered (bruises, injuries)
- Noticing the damage in the house
- By the visit of the police
- By observing their parents' behavior (crying, discouragement, etc.)
It has been shown that children exposed to domestic violence experience serious difficulties and that their symptoms are comparable to those of victims towards whom the violence is directed.
In fact, many children who witness violence display behaviors such as:
- Physical attacks or indirect attacks on others
- Emotional disorders
- Put the blame on them, blame themselves
- Hyperactivity, learning problems, difficulty concentrating at school
- Committing property crimes
- Being violent towards younger siblings, pets and later towards parents
- Psychological, social, cognitive, physical and behavioral maladjustment problems
- Lower level of social skills
- Higher rate of depression, worry and frustration
- Suffering from stress-related problems
- Show lower levels of empathy
- Perpetuate the cycle of violence in their future relationship
It seems that boys tend more often to externalize their reactions:
While girls tend to internalize their reactions:
- Depressions
- Fears
- Somatic symptoms